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Institute
The derivation and understanding of Partial Differential Equations relies heavily on the fundamental knowledge of the first years of scientific education, i.e., higher mathematics, physics, materials science, applied mechanics, design, and programming skills. Thus, it is a challenging topic for prospective engineers and scientists.
This volume provides a compact overview on the classical Partial Differential Equations of structural members in mechanics. It offers a formal way to uniformly describe these equations. All derivations follow a common approach: the three fundamental equations of continuum mechanics, i.e., the kinematics equation, the constitutive equation, and the equilibrium equation, are combined to construct the partial differential equations.
This book is the second edition of an introduction to modern computational mechanics based on the finite element method. It includes more details on the theory, more exercises, and more consistent notation; in addition, all pictures have been revised. Featuring more than 100 pages of new material, the new edition will help students succeed in mechanics courses by showing them how to apply the fundamental knowledge they gained in the first years of their engineering education to more advanced topics.
In order to deepen readers’ understanding of the equations and theories discussed, each chapter also includes supplementary problems. These problems start with fundamental knowledge questions on the theory presented in the respective chapter, followed by calculation problems. In total, over 80 such calculation problems are provided, along with brief solutions for each.
This book is especially designed to meet the needs of Australian students, reviewing the mathematics covered in their first two years at university. The 13-week course comprises three hours of lectures and two hours of tutorials per week.
This study aid on numerical optimization techniques is intended for university undergraduate and postgraduate mechanical engineering students. Optimization procedures are becoming more and more important for lightweight design, where weight reduction can, for example in the case of automotive or aerospace industry, lead to lower fuel consumption and a corresponding reduction in operational costs as well as beneficial effects on the environment. Based on the free computer algebra system Maxima, the authors present procedures for numerically solving problems in engineering mathematics as well as applications taken from traditional courses on the strength of materials. The mechanical theories focus on the typical one-dimensional structural elements, i.e., springs, bars, and Euler–Bernoulli beams, in order to reduce the complexity of the numerical framework and limit the resulting design to a low number of variables. The use of a computer algebra system and the incorporated functions, e.g., for derivatives or equation solving, allows a greater focus on the methodology of the optimization methods and not on standard procedures.
The book also provides numerous examples, including some that can be solved using a graphical approach to help readers gain a better understanding of the computer implementation.
This book offers an update on recent developments in modern engineering design. Different engineering disciplines, such as mechanical, materials, computer and process engineering, provide the foundation for the design and development of improved structures, materials and processes. The modern design cycle is characterized by the interaction between various disciplines and a strong shift to computer-based approaches where only a few experiments are conducted for verification purposes. A major driver for this development is the increased demand for cost reduction, which is also linked to environmental demands. In the transportation industry (e.g. automotive or aerospace), the demand for higher fuel efficiency is related to reduced operational costs and less environmental damage. One way to fulfil such requirements is lighter structures and/or improved processes for energy conversion. Another emerging area is the interaction of classical engineering with the health and medical sector.
Stoff- und Formleichtbau
(2020)
Dieses Lehrbuch stellt die unterschiedlichen Leichtbaukonzepte anhand einfacher eindimensionaler Strukturen in sehr verständlicher Weise dar und ermöglicht einen leichten Einstieg in das Thema. Es werden nachvollziehbare Informationen und Hinweise zur Werkstoffauswahl und geometrischen Gestaltung von Bauteilen gegeben.
Industrie 4.0 und Big Data
(2020)
Recently the production of electric cars is increasing worldwide. The main target is to lower the greenhouse gas emissions. Even if an electrified vehicle is locally emission-free the manufacturing of lithium ion batteries are producing significant amounts of CO2. In order to decrease the air pollution governments are considering recycling programs to extend battery life and usage of important raw materials. A new approach to recover LiNixMnyCozO2 (NMC) particles while saving the chemical and morphological properties using water was presented by Tim Sieber et al. [1]. With the presented study, we are focusing on the analysis of the effects on the Global Warming Potential (GWP) for the water based recycling process based on a reuse of NMC material in new batteries.
It is possible to reduce the ecological damage of the manufacturing process of Li-Ion battery cells even with little amounts of recovered cathode material that is used for the production of new battery cells. Based on the suggestion that 95% of the NMC cathode material can be recovered by the hydrometallurgical recovery and the reuse of 10% within the production of new batteries a reduction of the GWP by 7% ,can be identified for the cathode materials. For other impact categories such as Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP), and Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP), savings of 10%, 11%, and 8 % can be achieved respectively.
The studied water based recycling process can be quoted as environment-friendly and leads to a reduction of all impact categories by a re-use of 10% recovered NMC material. Based on this knowledge an additional recycling on substance level is recommended.
This document defines three YANG 1.1 [RFC7950] modules to support the configuration of TCP clients and TCP servers, either as standalone or in conjunction with a stack protocol layer specific configuration.
Power-to-Heat
(2020)
This paper provides an analysis of the trend in autonomous driving traffic and the development of infrastructural support, whereas the requirements on the infrastructural support will be analyzed. Then selected traffic scenes will be implemented in an autonomous driving simulator tool in order to figure out the required parameters to assist the autonomous vehicle from the infrastructure.
Metal additive manufacturing of dental prostheses consisting of cobalt−chromium−tungsten (Co−Cr−W) alloys poses an alternative to investment casting. However, metal additive manufacturing processes like Laser Powder‐Bed Fusion (LPBF) can impact the elastic constants and the mechanical anisotropy of the resulting material. To investigate the phase compositions of mechanically different specimens in dependence of their postprocessing steps (e. g. heat treatment to relieve stress), the current study uses X‐ray Diffraction (XRD), Electron BackScatter Diffraction (EBSD), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for phase identification. Our studies connect plastic deformation of Remanium star CL alloy with the formation of the hexagonal ϵ‐phase and heat treatment with the formation of the D024‐phase, while partially explaining previously observed differences in Young's moduli.
This paper aims to analyze the stress and strain states appearing in the elbow of a tube, such as those commonly used in a city’s water supply network. The stress field is characterized by the fact that there is a significant stress increase when compared to a straight tube. As a result, the strength of such an elbow must be investigated and guaranteed for such a network to be well designed. A practical solution used is to anchor the elbow in a massive concrete block. The paper compares the stress field that occurs in the elbow when it is free, buried in the ground, and when it is anchored in a massive concrete block. Furthermore, we investigate how a crack appears and propagates in the elbow. This happens especially for the elbow buried in the ground where the stress and strain are higher than when the elbow is anchored in concrete. The results obtained can be used in the current practice in the case of water supply networks made by high-density polyethylene pipes.
Partner oder Konkurrenten? Die Automotive-Branche auf der Suche nach neuen Kooperationsstrategien
(2020)
Das Interesse der Industrie an additiv gefertigten Bauteilen steigt z unehmend, wobei mit zunehmendem Verständnis der statischen Kennwerte nunmehr der Fokus in Richtung der dynamischen Festigkeiten wandert. Deswegen werden Einflussparameter auf die Lebensdauer und potenzielle Nachbearbeitungsmethoden untersucht und analysiert. Ein großer Einfluss ist dabei der Oberflächengüte und den durch Rautiefen initiierten Kerbeffekten zuzuschreiben. Deswegen werden unterschiedliche Methoden zur Verbesserung der Oberflächengüte untersucht. Dabei werden die Verfahren Laserpolieren, elektrochemisches Polieren und Hartmetallkugelstrahlen und deren Auswirkung auf Oberflächengüte sowie Härte untersucht. Für das elektrochemische Polieren werden die Proben in einer Perchlorsäure für 90 s bei 32 V und maximal 10 A poliert. Das Hartmetallkugelstrahlen wird mit einem UFS 100 Strahlmittel bei einem Druck von 4 bar und einer Strahldauer von 10 s ausgeführt. Anschließend werden Wöhlerlinien für die unterschiedlichen Zustände mittels Umlaufbiegeversuch ermittelt, welche mit Referenzwerten analysierter konventioneller Proben verglichen werden. Des Weiteren werden die Bruchflächen analysiert. Die Untersuchungen ergaben ein hohes Optimierungspotenzial der additiv gefertigten Proben bei einer Verdichtung der Oberfläche sowie einer Entfernung der Randschicht durch eine spanende Bearbeitung. Dadurch wurden höhere Zeitfestigkeiten als mit konventionell gefertigten Proben erreicht.
Additive manufacturing offers unique possibilities to produce complex components, which would not be possible or only very difficult to be realizable with conventional manufacturing processes. The potential of additive manufacturing of aluminum alloys has already been realized in prototyping, but still offers potential in the establishment of series applications. For enabling the establishment of additive manufacturing in series applications, comprehensive knowledge about the material behavior is necessary. This study examines the torsional behavior of additive manufactured AlSi10Mg samples and shows the correlation between tensile and torsional strength. Comprehensive torsion tests with strain gauges were performed and significant directional dependencies were shown. The correlation factor in the area of torsional yield strength/tensile yield strength and torsional strength/tensile strength was determined and was compared with the yield/failure conditions according to Tresca and von Mises.
Laser powder-bed fusion has become one of the most important techniques in additive manufacturing. For guaranteeing the possibility of manufacturing highly specialized and advanced components, currently intensive research is carried out in this field. One area of this research is the material-specific macroscopic anisotropy, which is investigated in our work by comprehensive static mechanical experiments. The material which was tested within this study was the precipitation-hardenable AlSi10Mg alloy, with the focus on installation space orientation. Tensile and compression tests were performed, the results for the Young's modulus in compressive loading exceeded the previously known values of this material in tensile loading and achieved values of up to 79.8 GPa. As a result of this investigation, a chemical spectroscopic analysis was undertaken and from the actual chemical composition, a relative density of 99.86% of the samples was determined.
Der sächsische Volkseinwand
(2020)
Zustimmung zum Schwangerschaftsabbruch bei einsichtsfähiger Minderjähriger nicht erforderlich
(2020)
This document specifies a YANG model for TCP on devices that are configured by network management protocols. The YANG model defines a container for all TCP connections and groupings of some of the parameters that can be imported and used in TCP implementations or by other models that need to configure TCP parameters. The model includes definitions from YANG Groupings for TCP Client and TCP Servers (I-D.ietf-netconf-tcp-client-server). The model is NMDA (RFC
8342) compliant.
Die Zukunft ist virtuell
(2020)
Optimized production strategy of the major capsid protein HPV 16L1 non-assembly variant in E. coli
(2020)
Advance Care Planning
(2020)
Das internationale Konzept ‚Advance Care Planning (ACP)‘ etabliert sich in Deutschland sukzessive unter dem Begriff der „Gesundheitlichen Versorgungsplanung für die letzte Lebensphase“. Übergeordnetes Ziel von ACP ist es, Menschen die Möglichkeit zu geben, im Rahmen eines begleiteten Gesprächsprozesses zentrale Vorausverfügungen hinsichtlich ihrer gesundheitlichen Versorgung für Phasen der Nichteinwilligungsfähigkeit zu formulieren und durch eine entsprechende strukturelle Einbettung diesen antizipierten Willensäußerungen im Bedarfsfall Geltung zu verschaffen. Ausgehend von der Skizzierung zentraler Eckpunkte und Rahmungen des Konzeptes arbeitet der Beitrag reflexionswürdige ethische Implikationen und daran gebundene moralische Forderungen heraus, denn das Konzept ist äußerst komplex. Diese Ausführungen sind getragen davon, dass eine qualitätsvolle sowie eine ethisch vertretbare Realisierung des Konzeptes, eine qualitätsvolle Begleitung am Lebensende maßgeblich an das Bewusstsein und den Umgang der professionell im Gesundheitswesen tätigen Personen und Berufsgruppen gebunden ist, die moralischen Forderungen und ethischen Implikationen verantwortungsvoll im Blick zu behalten.
Die Perspektive wechseln
(2020)
Mithilfe des Konzepts der gesundheitlichen Versorgungsplanung – auch als Advance Care Planning (ACP) oder „Behandlung im Voraus planen“ (BVP) bekannt – sollen Behandlungsziele fest gelegt werden, und zwar für den Fall, dass der Betroffene seinen Willen nicht äußern kann. Neben der individuellen Gesprächsbegleitung spielen in diesem Zusammenhang auch Fall- besprechungen eine wichtige Rolle. Diese sind zwar gesetzlich vorgesehen, jedoch fehlt bislang eine einheitliche Struktur, an der sich Fachkräfte in der Praxis orientieren können.
A Review on Dental Materials
(2020)
This book discusses the current biomaterials used for dental applications and the basic sciences underpinning their application. The most critical structures in the oral cavity are the teeth, which play a central role in speaking, biting, chewing, tasting and swallowing. Teeth consist of three types of tissue: the cementum, enamel and dentin, with bone and gingival tissue serving as supporting structures. Caries, tooth wear, trauma and mechanical defects can lead to severe facial conditions; however, correcting these defects remains a challenge for scientists and dentists. Presenting insights form a broad range of disciplines, including materials science, biology, physiology and clinical science, this book provides a timely review of the principles, processing and application of dental materials.
Bone Cement
(2020)
This book provides an overview of the composition of polymeric and ceramic bone cements. It also discusses complex, biomimetic structures based on biomaterials, such as cells and bioactive molecules, which more closely resemble natural bone
The first chapter describes the main concepts of the cementation process and the parameters affecting it, while the second chapter focuses on the composition and structure of candidate biomaterials. Lastly, the third and fourth chapters present recent research aimed at improving the ability of naked biomaterials to enhance bone healing by adding cells and bioactive agents.
Under Construction!
(2020)
Die Bedeutung der Digitalisierung für Berufliche Bildung und Fachkräftesicherung in der Pflege
(2020)
Klassiker der Hochschuldidaktik" als disziplinäre Ordnung für ein interdisziplinäres Arbeitsfeld
(2020)
untitled document
(2020)
Ob aggressive, schweigende oder antriebslose Patienten, ob Machtkämpfe, fehlende Rückmeldung oder Terminabsagen - schwierige Situationen in Therapie und Beratung kennt jeder Psychotherapeut. Wie sie zu meistern sind, zeigt dieses störungsübergreifende Praxisbuch.Vom schweigenden bis zum gewalttätigen Klienten, von der privaten Begegnung bis zur Suiziddrohung - es gibt zahlreiche »schwierige Situationen« in Psychotherapie und Beratung. Wie man sie meistert, zeigt dieses störungsübergreifende Praxisbuch auf lebendige Weise. Nach einer kurzen Einleitung werden 34 schwierige Situationen, die in Psychotherapie und Beratung auftreten können, sowie mögliche Lösungen vorgestellt. Alle Kapitel sind einheitlich aufgebaut: Nach einem Fallbeispiel für die jeweilige Situation werden die psychotherapeutisch bzw. beraterisch relevanten Merkmale analysiert. Konkrete Interventionsideen, teilweise mit exemplarisch vorgegebenen Sätze, sowie Dos und Don'ts zeigen mögliche Lösungswege auf. So wird die schwierige Situation gemeistert
The methodology of the approximation and interpretation of thermal desorption spectra (TDS) of hydrogen in some carbon nanostructures and graphite has been developed and applied for such materials.
The methodology is based on a definite approximation by the symmetrical Gaussians of the hydrogen thermal desorption spectra, obtained by using one single heating rate, for carbon materials and nanomaterials, and a definite processing of the Gaussians, in the approximation of the first-order reactions and the second-order ones. It results in determining (with a satisfactory accuracy, for the further physical analysis), from TDS data of one single heating rate, the activation energies and pre-exponential factors of the rate constants of desorption processes corresponding to the main TDS peaks with different temperatures of the maximum desorption rate. The developed methodology contains several successive steps of its implementation, including the use of several “criterions of truth” and the final verification and/or modification of the results, with the help of numerical modeling methods. This technique is not less informative, but much less time-consuming in experimental terms compared to the generally accepted classical Kissinger method, which demands using of several heating rates, and has strict limits of applicability. Furthermore, the methodology allows one to reveal physics and atomic mechanisms of the main desorption processes through thermodynamic analysis of the obtained peak characteristics and comparison with the corresponding independent experimental and theoretical data.
The purpose of such a methodology is to further reveal the weakly studied physics of the main states of hydrogen in carbon materials and nanomaterials, and not the thorough detailed mathematical description of the spectra. For this case, both the large difference and the large spread of the known experimental and theoretical values of the thermodynamic characteristics of the main desorption processes, important for hydrogen storage problems, are also taken into account.
The characteristics and atomic mechanisms (physics) of processes of thermal desorption of deuterium from isotropic graphite at temperatures 700–1700 K are considered.
Heimat-Land
(2020)