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(2020)
Purpose:
Hazardous alcohol consumption among university students represents a prime health risk for this population. Due to a lack of appropriate German-language (online) prevention programs, an existing U.S.-American program was transferred to the German higher education area and then evaluated.
Method:
For this purpose, both qualitative focus groups and a quantitative evaluation were undertaken. The guided focus groups allowed a further adaptation of the prevention program: An improved frequency–quantity questionnaire for the drinking behavior of German-speaking students was developed, and thresholds for hazardous consumption were included.
Results:
The additional quantitative verification of the adaptation found that 65.9% of the surveyed students found the adapted program suitable for the higher education context and 62.6% stated that every university should provide such a program.
Discussion:
The adaptation process described here made it possible to develop an online prevention program tailored to the lifeworld of students in the German-speaking region.
Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) wird als psychotherapeutisches Verfahren am häufigsten in der Praxis angewendet. In der evangelischen Seelsorgelehre wurde diese Form der Therapie hingegen bislang in ihrer Vielfalt kaum angemessen wahrgenommen. Dem Anspruch der aktuellen Poimenik, verschiedene psychologische und psychotherapeutische Strömungen kritisch zu diskutieren und zu rezipieren, wird mit diesem dialogischen Ansatz Rechnung getragen. Der vorliegende Tagungsband versammelt die Beiträge namhafter Autoren aus den Bereichen der Psychologie, Psychotherapie und Seelsorgelehre. Er trägt damit wesentlich zum Schließen dieser Wahrnehmungs- und Forschungslücke bei. Im Fokus des Bandes stehen dabei die Fragen um Spiritualität und Sinn, die in den Feldern von Seelsorge und Psychotherapie disziplinübergreifend von Bedeutung sind.
Sprache kommt in psychotherapeutischen Kontexten eine zentrale Rolle zu. Ausgehend von diesem Gedanken stellen wir mit unserem Beitrag das besondere Potenzial von Metaphern für psychotherapeutisches Arbeiten heraus. Die theoretische Basis unseres „metaphernreflexiven“ Vorgehens bildet die kognitive Metapherntheorie von Lakoff und Johnson. Anhand einer überblicksartigen Darstellung des Metaphernverständnisses der verschiedenen Psychotherapierichtungen werden wir zeigen, dass Metaphern schulenübergreifend auf gewinnbringende Weise eingesetzt werden können. Aus dieser Übersicht ergeben sich zwei grundlegend verschiedene Sichtweisen auf Metaphern: zum einen die einer umfassenden sozialwissenschaftlichen Analyse, zum anderen die (selbst metaphorische) Vorstellung von Metaphern als „Werkzeug“. Unser „metaphernreflexiver“ Vorschlag bewegt sich in der Mitte dieser beiden Pole. Anhand eines fünfschrittigen Vorgehens stellen wir vor, wie sich Metaphern in die psychotherapeutische Praxis aller Schulen integrieren lassen.
All around the world, the COVID-19 pandemic is accompanied by an ostensible increase in appreciation for the work of professional caregivers. As valuable as the public recognition may seem at first glance, it entails the danger that self-care of those who care professionally might fall into oblivion. Relating it to the challenges that the pandemic poses, we will outline the professional duty of care . We will then discuss the demanding situation of moral insecurity and moral stress as well as the health-related consequences it may lead to. Following this, we will deduce suggestions for the design of workplace factors and the practice of self-care. Finally, we will come to the conclusion that self-care of caregivers plays as crucial a role in the COVID-19 pandemic as their professional care for others.
The aim of this study was to evaluate a trauma-adapted intervention for survivors of interpersonal violence that combines psychoeducation and specific mindfulness-based exercises developed for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with formal practices from mindfulness-based stress reduction and loving-kindness meditation. Fourteen patients with PTSD after interpersonal violence participated in eight treatment sessions. The intervention was evaluated in a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline across-individuals design. From baseline (2, 3, and 4 weeks, randomly assigned) until 8 weeks after the intervention, self-reported PTSD symptoms and well-being were measured on a weekly basis. The intervention was further assessed through self-ratings and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5) administered prior to treatment, immediately after treatment and at a 6-week follow-up. Tau-U analyses showed for the majority of the 12 completers a significant reduction of PTSD symptoms and a significant increase in well-being. Furthermore, we found large effects on PTSD symptoms as measured by the CAPS-5 (Hedges’ g = 1.66), as well as on depression (Hedges’ g = 1.08) and psychological distress (Hedges’ g = 0.85), complemented by relevant increases in mindfulness skills and self-compassion. This study contributes evidence that mindfulness and loving-kindness are useful for reducing PTSD in victims of interpersonal violence, especially when the intervention is tailored to the specific needs of these patients.