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In our present paper, we approach the mixed problem with initial and boundary conditions, in the context of thermoelasticity without energy dissipation of bodies with a dipolar structure. Our first result is a reciprocal relation for the mixed problem which is reformulated by including the initial data into the field equations. Then, we deduce a generalization of Gurtin’s variational principle, which covers our generalized theory for bodies with a dipolar structure. It is important to emphasize that both results are obtained in a very general context, namely that of anisotropic and inhomogeneous environments, having a center of symmetry at each point.
This study is concerned with the linear elasticity theory for bodies with a dipolar structure. In this context, we approach transient elastic processes and the steady state in a cylinder consisting of such kind of body which is only subjected to some boundary restrictions at a plane end. We will show that at a certain distance d=d(t), which can be calculated, from the loaded plan, the deformation of the body vanishes. For the points of the cylinder located at a distance less than d, we will use an appropriate measure to assess the decreasing of the deformation relative to the distance from the loaded plane end. The fact that the measure, that assess the deformation, decays with respect to the distance at the loaded end is the essence of the principle of Saint-Venant.
Diese Arbeit beschreibt die Aufstellung einer Trajektorie für ein autonomes Fahrzeug. Als Basis dient eine Vorarbeit, bei der ein neuronales Netz das Bild einer Frontkamera eines Autos in Fahrspur und Nicht-Fahrspur segmentiert. Darauf aufbauend wird das Bild zunächst in die Vogelperspektive transformiert. Anschließend folgen eine Detektion der Fahrspurkanten sowie ein Clustering-Verfahren, um linke und rechte Kantenabschnitte zu separieren. Weiter wird die Trajektorie diskret in Form von Parametern des Kreisbogenmodells aufgenommen. Die Prädiktion dieser Parameter erfolgt mittels eines Extended Kalman-Filters. Die abschließende Validierung der Algorithmen erfolgt durch eine synthetisch generierte Fahrspur.
Additive manufacturing offers unique possibilities to produce complex components, which would not be possible or only very difficult to be realizable with conventional manufacturing processes. The potential of additive manufacturing of aluminum alloys has already been realized in prototyping, but still offers potential in the establishment of series applications. For enabling the establishment of additive manufacturing in series applications, comprehensive knowledge about the material behavior is necessary. This study examines the torsional behavior of additive manufactured AlSi10Mg samples and shows the correlation between tensile and torsional strength. Comprehensive torsion tests with strain gauges were performed and significant directional dependencies were shown. The correlation factor in the area of torsional yield strength/tensile yield strength and torsional strength/tensile strength was determined and was compared with the yield/failure conditions according to Tresca and von Mises.
Herein, the general constitutive equation of bi-phasic materials equipped with orientation tensor is presented in direct notation. The formulation is refined by some correction factors specific to natural fibre-reinforced composites; then, a planar case is derived. The necessity of local information is emphasised through the introduction of auxiliary maps, which included volume fraction and orientation data. A semi-analytical homogenisation method is introduced through finite element analysis. Auxiliary maps are shown to be a better alternative to the overall orientation of fibres. Global calculations are insensitive to local variations whilst appropriate auxiliary maps offer refined results. Considering the multidisciplinary application of orientation tensors, the proposed scheme can be used in all areas where local information cannot be disregarded.
Analyse der Wirksamkeit des Harninkontinenzmanagements in einer geriatrischen Rehabilitationsklinik
(2020)
Chances and risks of industry 4.0 for quality assurance - empirical study on companies in the german manufacturing industry. The increasing complexitiy of products as well as the trend to more individualized products lay down enormous tasks on the manufacturing industry. They can only be managed by using industry 4.0 methods. In this context, digitization is implemented in quality assurance, too - fostering a significant increase in product and process quality. The presendt study reveals the current state of digitalization and the opportunities and challenges associated with it - in the view of experts and decision makers of the manufacturing industry.
Comparing multidimensional sensor data from vehicle fleets with methods of sequential data mining
(2020)
Electrochemical strain microscopy (ESM) is a powerful atomic force microscopy (AFM) mode for the investigation of ion dynamics and activities in energy storage materials. Here we compare the changes in commercial LiFePO4 cathodes due to ageing and its influence on the measured ESM signal. Additionally, the ESM signal dynamics are analysed to generate characteristic time constants of the diffusion process, induced by a dc-voltage pulse, which changes the ionic concentration in the material volume under the AFM tip. The ageing of the cathode is found to be governed by a decrease of the electrochemical activity and the loss of available lithium for cycling, which can be stored in the cathode.
Für das autonome Fahren ist es notwendig, Verfahren zu entwickeln, die in der Lage sind, die Position und die Orientierung von Objekten zu ermitteln. Eine große Herausforderung ist die Zuordnung der durch Sensoren erfassten Messpunkten zu Objekten und die notwendige Validierung dieser Daten. In diesem Beitrag wird die Datenassoziation von Messpunkten zu einem Objekt mittels Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) untersucht. Hierbei wird ein Neuronales Netz verwendet, welches die Zuordnung der Messpunkte zu einem bestimmten Objekt übernimmt oder diese als Rauschen deklariert. Es wird untersucht wie sich die Performance von Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-Layern gegenüber Dense-Layern für diesen Einsatz-Zweck verhält. Die verwendeten Daten werden mittels einer 2D-Simulation erzeugt. Der Output des Neuronalen Netzes wird verwendet, um die Trajektorien mehrerer Objekte zu erfassen und deren zukünftige Bewegung durch einen Kalman-Filter vorherzusagen.
Mobilitätshilfen sind allgegenwärtig und existenziell für Menschen, die aufgrund von Krankheit und Pflegebedürftigkeit in ihren Alltagsbewegungen und -fortbewegungen eingeschränkt sind. Mobilität steht in einem direkten Zusammenhang zur Selbstständig-keit und Selbstbestimmung im Alltag. Für viele pflegebedürftige Menschen sind Mobili-tätshilfen entscheiden dafür, ob sie ihren Alltag (wieder) selbst gestalten können. Dabei müssen sie sich innerhalb und außerhalb von Räumen ganz unterschiedlichen Heraus-forderungen stellen. Teilhabe am sozialen, möglicherweise auch am beruflichen Leben wird für viele Betroffene erst dann möglich, wenn die unterschiedlichen Mobilitätshilfen aufeinander und auf die jeweiligen Aktivitäten abgestimmt sind. Für Angehörige und für Pflegefachpersonen stellt sich täglich die Frage, mit welchen Mobilitätshilfen eine siche-re und angemessene Unterstützung möglich ist. Dabei gilt es, die Ausstattung mit Hilfen dem aktuellen Mobilitätsprofil der Betroffenen anzupassen; die Folgen von Über- oder Unterversorgung mit Mobilitätshilfen kann für die Betroffenen gravierende negative Folgen haben!
Der sächsische Volkseinwand
(2020)
Design of a transverse controller for an autonomous driving model car based on the Stanley approach
(2020)
The Stanley approach is an established transverse controller
for autonomous vehicle’s to follow a desired reference
path accordingly. In this publication, functional extensions of
the Stanley algorithm are demonstrated. The resulting overall
lateral controller can be used for autonomous model cars
especially.
Drug-induced liver toxicity is one of the most common reasons for the failure of drugs in clinical trials and frequent withdrawal from the market. Reasons for such failures include the low predictive power of in vivo studies, that is mainly caused by metabolic differences between humans and animals, and intraspecific variances. In addition to factors such as age and genetic background, changes in drug metabolism can also be caused by disease-related changes in the liver. Such metabolic changes have also been observed in clinical settings, for example, in association with a change in liver stiffness, a major characteristic of an altered fibrotic liver. For mimicking these changes in an in vitro model, this study aimed to develop scaffolds that represent the rigidity of healthy and fibrotic liver tissue. We observed that liver cells plated on scaffolds representing the stiffness of healthy livers showed a higher metabolic activity compared to cells plated on stiffer scaffolds. Additionally, we detected a positive effect of a scaffold pre-coated with fetal calf serum (FCS)-containing media. This pre-incubation resulted in increased cell adherence during cell seeding onto the scaffolds. In summary, we developed a scaffold-based 3D model that mimics liver stiffness-dependent changes in drug metabolism that may more easily predict drug interaction in diseased livers.
Die Bedeutung der Digitalisierung für Berufliche Bildung und Fachkräftesicherung in der Pflege
(2020)
Die Perspektive wechseln
(2020)
Mithilfe des Konzepts der gesundheitlichen Versorgungsplanung – auch als Advance Care Planning (ACP) oder „Behandlung im Voraus planen“ (BVP) bekannt – sollen Behandlungsziele fest gelegt werden, und zwar für den Fall, dass der Betroffene seinen Willen nicht äußern kann. Neben der individuellen Gesprächsbegleitung spielen in diesem Zusammenhang auch Fall- besprechungen eine wichtige Rolle. Diese sind zwar gesetzlich vorgesehen, jedoch fehlt bislang eine einheitliche Struktur, an der sich Fachkräfte in der Praxis orientieren können.
A number of planetary boundaries, including climate change as a result of greenhouse gas emissions, has already been exceeded. This situation has deleterious consequences for public health. Paradoxically, 4.4% of these emissions are attributable to the healthcare sector. These problems have not been sufficiently acknowledged in health professions curricula. This paper addresses two main issues, humanistic learning and the application of knowledge acquisition to clinical practice. Humanistic learning principles can be used to emphasize learner-centered approaches, including knowledge acquisition and reflection to increase self-awareness. Applying humanistic principles in everyday life and clinical practice can encourage stewardship, assisting students to become agents for change. In terms of knowledge and skills application to clinical practice, an overview of varied and novel approaches of how sustainable education can be integrated at different stages of training across several health care professions is provided. The Health and Environment Adaptive Response Taskforce (HEART) platform as an example of creating empowered learners, the NurSusTOOLKIT, a multi-disciplinary collaboration offering free adaptable educational resources for educators and the Greener Anaesthesia and Sustainability Project (GASP), an example of bridging the transition to clinical practice, are described.