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Influence of cycling profile, depth of discharge and temperature on commercial LFP/C cell ageing: post‑mortem material analysis of structure, morphology and chemical composition

  • The paper presents post-mortem analysis of commercial LiFePO4 battery cells, which are aged at 55 °C and − 20 °C using dynamic current profiles and different depth of discharges (DOD). Post-mortem analysis focuses on the structure of the electrodes using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the chemical composition changes using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that ageing at lower DOD results in higher capacity fading compared to higher DOD cycling. The anode surface aged at 55 °C forms a dense cover on the graphite flakes, while at the anode surface aged at − 20 °C lithium plating and LiF crystals are observed. As expected, Fe dissolution from the cathode and deposition on the anode are observed for the ageing performed at 55 °C, while Fe dissolution and deposition are not observed at − 20 °C. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), the surface conductivity is examined, which shows only minor degradation for the cathodes aged at − 20 °C. The cathodes aged at 55 °C exhibit micrometer size agglomerates of nanometer particles on the cathode surface. The results indicate that cycling at higher SOC ranges is more detrimental and low temperature cycling mainly affects the anode by the formation of plated Li.

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Metadaten
Author:Matthias Simolka, Jan-Frederik Heger, Hanno Kaess, Indro Biswas, Kaspar Andreas Friedrich
DOI:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-020-01465-6
Parent Title (English):Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Publisher:Springer
Place of publication:Cham
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of Completion:2020
Release Date:2021/01/13
GND Keyword:Lithium-Eisensulfid-Batterie; Elektrochemie
Volume:50
Issue:9
First Page:1101
Last Page:1117
DDC classes:500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 540 Chemie
Open Access?:frei verfügbar
Relevance:Peer reviewed Publikation in Master Journal Liste (Clarivate)
Licence (German):License LogoVeröffentlichungsvertrag ohne Print-on-Demand